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<title>Library Genesis</title>

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<span id="openzim-page-title" class="mw-page-title-main"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Library Genesis</span></span>

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</style><table class="infobox vcard"><caption class="infobox-title fn org">The Library Genesis Project</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"></span><div class="infobox-caption">The project's homepage</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Type of site</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="Shadow_library" title="Shadow library">Shadow library</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Available in</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">

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</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li>English</li><li>Russian</li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">URL</th><td class="infobox-data url"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li>libgen.rs</li><li>libgen.is</li><li>libgen.st</li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Commercial</th><td class="infobox-data">No</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Registration</th><td class="infobox-data">Optional<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>notes 1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Current status</th><td class="infobox-data category">Not Active (as of July 28, 2025)<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr></tbody></table>

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</style><table class="sidebar sidebar-collapse nomobile nowraplinks hlist"><tbody><tr><td class="sidebar-pretitle">Part of a series on</td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-title-with-pretitle"><a href="File_sharing" title="File sharing">File sharing</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-image"><span class="skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"></span></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content">

<div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)">Technologies</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content">

<ul><li><a href="File_hosting_service" class="mw-redirect" title="File hosting service">File hosting services</a></li>

<li><a href="Online_video_platform" title="Online video platform">Online video platform</a></li>

<li><a href="Usenet" title="Usenet">Usenet</a></li>

<li><a href="Peer-to-peer_web_hosting" title="Peer-to-peer web hosting">Web hosting</a></li>

<li><a href="WebRTC" title="WebRTC">WebRTC</a></li>

</tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content">

<div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)">Video on demand sites</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content">

<ul><li><a href="123Movies" title="123Movies">123Movies</a></li>

<li><a href="Dailymotion" title="Dailymotion">Dailymotion</a></li>

<li><a href="PeerTube" title="PeerTube">PeerTube</a></li>

<li><a href="Putlocker" title="Putlocker">Putlocker</a></li>

<li><a href="YouTube" title="YouTube">YouTube</a></li></ul></div></div></td>

</tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content">

<div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)">BitTorrent sites</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content">

<li><a href="BTDigg" title="BTDigg">BTDigg</a></li>

<li><a href="Demonoid" title="Demonoid">Demonoid</a></li>

<li><a href="ExtraTorrent" title="ExtraTorrent">ExtraTorrent</a></li>

<li><a href="IsoHunt" title="IsoHunt">isoHunt</a></li>

<li><a href="FitGirl_Repacks" title="FitGirl Repacks">FitGirl Repacks</a></li>

<li><a href="KickassTorrents" title="KickassTorrents">KickassTorrents</a></li>

<li><a href="Nyaa_Torrents" title="Nyaa Torrents">Nyaa Torrents</a></li>

<li><a href="RARBG" title="RARBG">RARBG</a></li>

<li><a href="Rutracker.org" class="mw-redirect" title="Rutracker.org">Rutracker.org</a></li>

<li><a href="Tamil_Rockers" class="mw-redirect" title="Tamil Rockers">Tamil Rockers</a></li>

<li><a href="The_Pirate_Bay" title="The Pirate Bay">The Pirate Bay</a></li>

<li><a href="YourBittorrent" title="YourBittorrent">YourBittorrent</a></li></ul></div></div></td>

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<div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)">Academic/scholarly</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content">

<ul><li><a href="Anna's_Archive" title="Anna's Archive">Anna's Archive</a></li>

<li><a href="ICanHazPDF" title="ICanHazPDF">ICanHazPDF</a></li>

<li><a href="Internet_Archive" title="Internet Archive">Internet Archive</a></li>

<li><a href="Shadow_library" title="Shadow library">Shadow library</a></li>

<li><a href="Z-Library" title="Z-Library">Z-Library</a></li></ul></div></div></td>

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<div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)">File sharing networks</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content">

<ul><li><a href="BitTorrent" title="BitTorrent">BitTorrent</a></li>

<li><a href="Direct_Connect_(file_sharing)" class="mw-redirect" title="Direct Connect (file sharing)">Direct Connect</a></li>

<li><a href="EDonkey_network" title="EDonkey network">eDonkey</a></li>

<li><a href="Gnutella" title="Gnutella">Gnutella</a></li>

<li><a href="Gnutella2" title="Gnutella2">Gnutella2</a></li>

<li><a href="Hyphanet" title="Hyphanet">Hyphanet</a></li>

<li><a href="Soulseek" title="Soulseek">Soulseek</a></li></ul></div></div></td>

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<div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)">P2P clients</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content">

<ul><li><a href="BitComet" title="BitComet">BitComet</a></li>

<li><a href="EMule" title="EMule">eMule</a></li>

<li><a href="Filetopia" title="Filetopia">Filetopia</a></li>

<li><a href="%CE%9CTorrent" title="ΜTorrent">μTorrent</a></li>

<li><a href="OnionShare" title="OnionShare">OnionShare</a></li>

<li><a href="QBittorrent" title="QBittorrent">qBittorrent</a></li>

<li><a href="Shareaza" title="Shareaza">Shareaza</a></li>

<li><a href="Transmission_(BitTorrent_client)" title="Transmission (BitTorrent client)">Transmission</a></li>

<li><a href="Tribler" title="Tribler">Tribler</a></li>

<li><a href="WinMX" title="WinMX">WinMX</a></li></ul></div></div></td>

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<div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)">Streaming programs</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content">

<ul><li><a href="Butter_Project" title="Butter Project">Butter Project</a></li>

<li><a href="Popcorn_Time" title="Popcorn Time">Popcorn Time</a></li>

<li><a href="Torrents-Time" title="Torrents-Time">Torrents-Time</a></li></ul></div></div></td>

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<div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)">Anonymous file sharing</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content">

<ul><li><a href="Anonymous_P2P" title="Anonymous P2P">Anonymous P2P</a></li>

<li><a href="Darknet_(networking)" class="mw-redirect" title="Darknet (networking)">Darknet</a></li>

<li><a href="Friend-to-friend" title="Friend-to-friend">Friend-to-friend</a></li>

<li><a href="Private_peer-to-peer" title="Private peer-to-peer">Private P2P</a></li>

<li><a href="Proxy_server" title="Proxy server">Proxy server</a></li>

<li><a href="Seedbox" title="Seedbox">Seedbox</a></li>

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<div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)">Development and societal aspects</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content">

<ul><li><a href="Timeline_of_file_sharing" title="Timeline of file sharing">Timeline</a></li>

<li><a href="Legal_aspects_of_file_sharing" title="Legal aspects of file sharing">Legality</a></li>

<li><a href="Legal_issues_with_BitTorrent" title="Legal issues with BitTorrent">BitTorrent issues</a></li></ul></div></div></td>

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<div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)">By country or region</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content">

<ul><li><a href="File_sharing_in_Canada" title="File sharing in Canada">Canada</a></li>

<li><a href="File_sharing_in_Japan" title="File sharing in Japan">Japan</a></li>

<li><a href="File_sharing_in_Singapore" title="File sharing in Singapore">Singapore</a></li>

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<div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)">Comparisons</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content">

<ul><li><a href="Comparison_of_BitTorrent_clients" title="Comparison of BitTorrent clients">Comparison of BitTorrent clients</a></li>

<li><a href="Comparison_of_BitTorrent_sites" title="Comparison of BitTorrent sites">Comparison of BitTorrent sites</a></li>

<li><a href="Comparison_of_eDonkey_software" title="Comparison of eDonkey software">Comparison of eDonkey software</a></li>

<li><a href="Comparison_of_Internet_Relay_Chat_clients" class="mw-redirect" title="Comparison of Internet Relay Chat clients">Comparison of Internet Relay Chat clients</a></li>

<li><a href="Comparison_of_Usenet_newsreaders" title="Comparison of Usenet newsreaders">Comparison of Usenet newsreaders</a></li></ul></div></div></td>

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<p><b>Library Genesis</b> (shortened to <b>LibGen</b>) is a <a href="Shadow_library" title="Shadow library">shadow library</a> project for <a href="File-sharing" class="mw-redirect" title="File-sharing">file-sharing</a> access to <a href="Scholarly_journal" class="mw-redirect" title="Scholarly journal">scholarly journal</a> articles, academic and general-interest books, images, comics, audiobooks, and magazines. The site enables free access to content that is otherwise <a href="Paywall" title="Paywall">paywalled</a> or not <a href="Digitized" class="mw-redirect" title="Digitized">digitized</a> elsewhere.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> LibGen describes itself as a "links aggregator", providing a searchable database of items "collected from publicly available public Internet resources" as well as files uploaded "from users".<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The URL libgen.is was down in January to March of 2025.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p><p>LibGen provides access to copyrighted works, such as <a href="PDF" title="PDF">PDFs</a> of content from <a href="Elsevier" title="Elsevier">Elsevier</a>'s <a href="ScienceDirect" title="ScienceDirect">ScienceDirect</a> web-portal. Publishers like Elsevier have accused Library Genesis of <a href="Internet_piracy" class="mw-redirect" title="Internet piracy">internet piracy</a>. Others assert that academic publishers unfairly benefit from government-funded research, written by researchers, many of whom are employed by public universities, and that LibGen is helping to disseminate research that should be freely available in the first place.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2></div>

<p>Library Genesis has roots in the illegal underground <i><a href="Samizdat" title="Samizdat">samizdat</a></i> culture in the <a href="Soviet_Union" title="Soviet Union">Soviet Union</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As access to printing in the Soviet Union was strictly controlled and censored, dissident intellectuals would hand-copy and retype manuscripts for secret circulation. This was effectively <a href="Glasnost" title="Glasnost">legalized</a> under <a href="General_Secretary_of_the_Communist_Party_of_the_Soviet_Union" title="General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union">Soviet general secretary</a> <a href="Mikhail_Gorbachev" title="Mikhail Gorbachev">Mikhail Gorbachev</a> in the 1980s, though the state monopoly on printed media remained.<sup id="cite_ref-samizdatBritannica_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-samizdatBritannica-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p><p>The volunteers moved into the Russian computer network ("<a href="RuNet" class="mw-redirect" title="RuNet">RuNet</a>") in the 1990s, which became awash with hundreds of thousands of uncoordinated contributions. Librarians became especially active, using borrowed access passwords to download copies of scientific and scholarly articles from Western Internet sources, then uploading them to RuNet.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBodó2014Abstract_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBodó2014Abstract-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p><p>In the early 21st century, the efforts became coordinated, and integrated into one massive system known as Library Genesis, or LibGen, around 2008.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-numbers_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-numbers-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It subsequently absorbed the contents of, and became the functional successor to, <a href="Library.nu" title="Library.nu">library.nu</a>, which was shut down by legal action in 2012.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> By 2014, its catalog was more than twice the size of library.nu with 1.2 million records.<sup id="cite_ref-numbers_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-numbers-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As of 4 February 2024, Library Genesis claimed to have more than 2.4 million non-fiction books, 80 million science journal articles, 2 million comics files, 2.2 million fiction books, and 0.4 million magazine issues.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p><p>In 2020, the project was <a href="Fork_(software_development)" title="Fork (software development)">forked</a> under a different domain, "libgen.fun", due to internal conflict within the project.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As a result, databases are being maintained independently and content differs between libgen.fun and other LibGen domains.

</p><p>As of August 2024, the project, whose website was experiencing temporary outages and technical errors, appeared to no longer be actively managed and its lead programmer was reported to be "inactive".<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p><p>In mid-December 2024, as the majority of Library Genesis domains were seized or disabled through legal action from a group of publishers led by <a href="Pearson_Education" title="Pearson Education">Pearson Education</a>, the German consortium Clearingstelle Urheberrecht im Internet (CUII), composed of copyright holder groups and internet service providers, also instituted a country-wide blocking order against Library Genesis at the request of publishers whose names were redacted.<sup id="cite_ref-EVS24_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EVS24-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The latter action was taken without court authorization; instead, the <a href="Federal_Network_Agency" title="Federal Network Agency">Federal Network Agency</a> was consulted to clear the <a href="Net_neutrality" title="Net neutrality">net neutrality</a> requirements.<sup id="cite_ref-EVS24_17-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EVS24-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Legal_issues">Legal issues</h2></div>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Litigation">Litigation</h3></div>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Elsevier_lawsuit_(2015)">Elsevier lawsuit (2015)</h4></div>

<p>On June 3, 2015, Library Genesis (along with the creator of <a href="Sci-Hub" title="Sci-Hub">Sci-Hub</a>, <a href="Alexandra_Elbakyan" title="Alexandra Elbakyan">Alexandra Elbakyan</a>) was sued by <a href="Elsevier" title="Elsevier">Elsevier</a>, the academic division of the third-largest publishing group by worldwide revenue in 2014.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Elsevier accused it of "operating an international network of piracy and <a href="Copyright_infringement" title="Copyright infringement">copyright infringement</a>"<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and granting free access to articles and books. In response, the admins accused Elsevier of gaining most of its profits from publicly funded research which should be freely available to all as they are paid for by taxpayers.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Elsevier's lawyers then requested the <a href="Public_Interest_Registry" title="Public Interest Registry">Public Interest Registry</a> to disable one of the domains covered by the lawsuit without a court order but were refused. On June 18, 2015, the <a href="United_States_District_Court_for_the_Southern_District_of_New_York" title="United States District Court for the Southern District of New York">District Court for the Southern District of New York</a> allowed Elsevier to <a href="Service_of_process" title="Service of process">serve notice</a> on the defendants by email. Within days of the court decision (before June 22), the then main "libgen.org" website and several mirrors went offline.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p><p>As a result of Elsevier's lawsuit, in late October 2015 the District Court for the Southern District of New York ordered LibGen to shut down and to suspend use of the domain name (libgen.org),<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> but the site remained accessible through alternative domains.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Pearson,_McGraw_Hill,_Macmillan_and_Cengage_lawsuit_(2023–2024)">Pearson, McGraw Hill, Macmillan and Cengage lawsuit (2023–2024)</h4></div>

<p>On September 14, 2023, the educational publishers <a href="Pearson_Education" title="Pearson Education">Pearson Education</a> (the then third-largest publisher by global revenue<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>), <a href="McGraw_Hill_Education" title="McGraw Hill Education">McGraw Hill Education</a>, <a href="Macmillan_Publishers" title="Macmillan Publishers">Macmillan Publishers</a> and <a href="Cengage_Group" title="Cengage Group">Cengage Group</a> initiated a lawsuit for copyright infringement against Library Genesis before the District Court for the Southern District of New York. They claimed that the Library Genesis websites "deprive [them] and their authors of income from their creative works, devalue the textbook market and [their] works, and may cause [them] to cease publishing certain works". They demanded control or deletion of the Library Genesis domains and the seizure of its operators' alleged profits.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On March 1, 2024, the publishers requested a <a href="Default_judgment" title="Default judgment">default judgment</a> and an injunction compelling the gateway providers <a href="InterPlanetary_File_System" title="InterPlanetary File System">IPFS</a>, Pinata Technologies and <a href="Cloudflare" title="Cloudflare">Cloudflare</a> to deny services to Library Genesis.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p><p>On September 26, 2024, a US judge ordered LibGen to pay the publishers <a href="US%24" class="mw-redirect" title="US$">US$</a>30 million, but no one knows who runs it.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p><p>In December 2024, the publishers succeeded in seizing the "library.lol" domain and taking most of the other Library Genesis domains offline.<sup id="cite_ref-EVS24_17-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EVS24-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Hosting_country">Hosting country</h3></div>

<p>LibGen is reported to be registered in both Russia and the Netherlands, making the appropriate jurisdiction for legal action unclear.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_6-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Blocks">Blocks</h3></div>

<p>Some Libgen URLs are blocked by a number of <a href="Internet_service_provider" title="Internet service provider">ISPs</a> in the United Kingdom,<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> but such <a href="Domain_Name_System" title="Domain Name System">DNS</a>-based blocks are claimed to do little to deter access.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_6-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is also blocked by ISPs in France,<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Germany,<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Greece,<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Italy,<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Belgium (which redirects to the <a href="Federal_Police_(Belgium)" title="Federal Police (Belgium)">Belgian Federal Police</a> blockpage),<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and Russia (in November 2018).<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On March 23, 2024, the Dutch pirate site blocklist has been reported to now include <a href="Anna's_Archive" title="Anna's Archive">Anna's Archive</a> and Library Genesis, based on a request by <a href="BREIN" title="BREIN">BREIN</a>, a local anti-piracy group.<sup id="cite_ref-TF-20240323_39-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-TF-20240323-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Alleged_Meta_AI_training">Alleged Meta AI training</h3></div>

<p>Court documents unsealed in March 2025 suggested that <a href="Meta_Platforms" title="Meta Platforms">Meta Platforms</a> had used LibGen resources to train its generative language AI models. The documents were part of a class-action lawsuit filed against Meta by the novelists <a href="Richard_Kadrey" title="Richard Kadrey">Richard Kadrey</a> and <a href="Christopher_Golden" title="Christopher Golden">Christopher Golden</a> and comedian <a href="Sarah_Silverman" title="Sarah Silverman">Sarah Silverman</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-atl-20mar2025_41-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-atl-20mar2025-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Usage">Usage</h2></div>

<p>Until the end of 2014, <a href="Sci-Hub" title="Sci-Hub">Sci-Hub</a>, which provides free access to millions of <a href="Academic_paper" class="mw-redirect" title="Academic paper">research papers</a> and books, relied on LibGen as storage. Papers requested by users were requested from LibGen and served from there if available, otherwise they were fetched by other means and then stored on LibGen.<sup id="cite_ref-eLife_42-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-eLife-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p><p>In 2019 <a href="Web_archiving" title="Web archiving">archivists</a> and <a href="Access_to_information" class="mw-redirect" title="Access to information">freedom of information activists</a> launched a project to better <a href="Glossary_of_BitTorrent_terms#Seed_.2F_seeding" title="Glossary of BitTorrent terms">seed</a> and host LibGen's <a href="Data_dump" class="mw-redirect" title="Data dump">data dumps</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The project's spokesperson and coordinator 'shrine' described the effort as a way for a "permanent library card for the world" and reported that the response has been "overwhelmingly positive from everyone".<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2020, the project launched a <a href="Peer-to-peer" title="Peer-to-peer">peer-to-peer</a> <a href="Digital_library" title="Digital library">digital library</a> of content on Sci-Hub and Library Genesis using <a href="IPFS" class="mw-redirect" title="IPFS">IPFS</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p>

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<ul><li><a href="Guerilla_Open_Access_Manifesto" title="Guerilla Open Access Manifesto">Guerilla Open Access Manifesto</a></li>

<li><a href="ICanHazPDF" title="ICanHazPDF">ICanHazPDF</a></li></ul>

</div>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Explanatory_notes">Explanatory notes</h2></div>

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<li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">LibGen can be viewed, downloaded, uploaded without an account, but registration is required to view or read topics within its forum.</span>

</li>

</ol></div></div>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2></div>

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</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://open-slum.org/">"SLUM: The Shadow Library Uptime Monitor"</a>. <i>open-slum.org</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 July</span> 2025</span>.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFCabanac2015" class="citation journal cs1">Cabanac, Guillaume (April 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.irit.fr/publis/SIG/2015_JASIST_C.pdf">"Bibliogifts in LibGen? A study of a text-sharing platform driven by biblioleaks and crowdsourcing"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Journal of the Association for Information Science and Technology</i>. <b>67</b> (4): <span class="nowrap">874–</span>884. <a href="CiteSeerX_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="CiteSeerX (identifier)">CiteSeerX</a> <span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.698.4283">10.1.1.698.4283</a></span>. <a href="Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1002%2Fasi.23445">10.1002/asi.23445</a>. <a href="S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:6643023">6643023</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180502120801/https://www.irit.fr/publis/SIG/2015_JASIST_C.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on 2 May 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 November</span> 2015</span>.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://libgen.me/about">"About Us"</a>. <i>libgen.me</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190814155220/https://libgen.me/about">Archived</a> from the original on 14 August 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 April</span> 2020</span>. <q>The libgen.me links aggregator is a community aiming at collecting and cataloging items descriptions for the most part of scientific, scientific and technical directions, as well as file metadata. In addition to the descriptions, the aggregator contains only links to third-party resources hosted by users. All information posted on the website is collected from publicly available public Internet resources and is intended solely for informational purposes.</q></cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reddit.com/r/libgen/s/TXNQoOap93">"r/libgen FAQs"</a>.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-:0-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_6-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_6-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFGlance2015" class="citation web cs1">Glance, David (15 June 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://theconversation.com/elsevier-acts-against-research-article-pirate-sites-and-claims-irreparable-harm-43293">"Elsevier acts against research article pirate sites and claims irreparable harm"</a>. The Conversation (U.S. edition). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200411102540/https://theconversation.com/elsevier-acts-against-research-article-pirate-sites-and-claims-irreparable-harm-43293">Archived</a> from the original on 11 April 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 April</span> 2020</span>.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFBrown2022" class="citation news cs1">Brown, Elizabeth Nolan (2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://reason.com/2022/07/24/you-cant-stop-pirate-libraries/">"You Can't Stop Pirate Libraries"</a>. <i>Reason</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20221009180954/https://reason.com/2022/07/24/you-cant-stop-pirate-libraries/">Archived</a> from the original on 9 October 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 October</span> 2022</span>.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-samizdatBritannica-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-samizdatBritannica_8-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/technology/samizdat">"Samizdat | Dissident Press, Underground Publishing & Soviet Censorship"</a>. <i><a href="Britannica" class="mw-redirect" title="Britannica">Britannica</a></i>.</cite></span>

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<li id="cite_note-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.lecho.be/entreprises/technologie/les-editeurs-scientifiques-se-liguent-contre-la-piraterie/10172391.html">"Les éditeurs scientifiques se liguent contre la piraterie"</a>. <i>L'Echo</i> (in French). 16 October 2019. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210513183744/https://www.lecho.be/entreprises/technologie/les-editeurs-scientifiques-se-liguent-contre-la-piraterie/10172391.html">Archived</a> from the original on 13 May 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 January</span> 2020</span>.</cite></span>

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<li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://torrentfreak.com/denmark-blocks-sci-hub-plus-streaming-torrent-youtube-ripping-sites-190926/">"Denmark Blocks Sci-Hub Plus Streaming, Torrent & YouTube-Ripping Sites"</a>. <i>TorrentFreak</i>. 26 September 2019. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210513124856/https://torrentfreak.com/denmark-blocks-sci-hub-plus-streaming-torrent-youtube-ripping-sites-190926/">Archived</a> from the original on 13 May 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 October</span> 2019</span>.</cite></span>

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<li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://torrentfreak.com/sci-hub-pirate-bay-of-science-blocked-in-russia-over-medical-studies-181130/">"Sci-Hub "Pirate Bay of Science" Blocked in Russia Over Medical Studies * TorrentFreak"</a>. 30 November 2018. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181205145755/https://torrentfreak.com/sci-hub-pirate-bay-of-science-blocked-in-russia-over-medical-studies-181130/">Archived</a> from the original on 5 December 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 October</span> 2021</span>.</cite></span>

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<li id="cite_note-TF-20240323-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-TF-20240323_39-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFVan_der_Sar2024" class="citation news cs1">Van der Sar, Ernesto (23 March 2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://torrentfreak.com/dutch-court-orders-isp-to-block-annas-archive-and-libgen-240322/">"Dutch Court Orders ISP to Block 'Anna's Archive' and 'LibGen'"</a>. <i><a href="TorrentFreak" title="TorrentFreak">TorrentFreak</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20240323113246/https://torrentfreak.com/dutch-court-orders-isp-to-block-annas-archive-and-libgen-240322/">Archived</a> from the original on 23 March 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 March</span> 2024</span>.</cite></span>

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<li id="cite_note-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFKnibbs" class="citation news cs1">Knibbs, Kate. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wired.com/story/new-documents-unredacted-meta-copyright-ai-lawsuit/">"Meta Secretly Trained Its AI on a Notorious Piracy Database, Newly Unredacted Court Docs Reveal"</a>. <i>Wired</i>. <a href="ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1059-1028">1059-1028</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 March</span> 2025</span>.</cite></span>

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<li id="cite_note-atl-20mar2025-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-atl-20mar2025_41-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFReisner2025" class="citation news cs1">Reisner, Alex (20 March 2025). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theatlantic.com/technology/archive/2025/03/libgen-meta-openai/682093/">"The Unbelievable Scale of AI's Pirated-Books Problem"</a>. <i><a href="The_Atlantic" title="The Atlantic">The Atlantic</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 March</span> 2025</span>.</cite></span>

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<li id="cite_note-eLife-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-eLife_42-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFHimmelsteinRomeroLevernierMunro2018" class="citation journal cs1">Himmelstein, Daniel S; Romero, Ariel Rodriguez; Levernier, Jacob G; Munro, Thomas Anthony; McLaughlin, Stephen Reid; Greshake Tzovaras, Bastian; Greene, Casey S (1 March 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5832410">"Sci-Hub provides access to nearly all scholarly literature"</a>. <i>eLife</i>. <b>7</b>. <a href="Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.7554%2FeLife.32822">10.7554/eLife.32822</a></span>. <a href="ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/2050-084X">2050-084X</a>. <a href="PMC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMC (identifier)">PMC</a> <span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5832410">5832410</a></span>. <a href="PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29424689">29424689</a>.</cite></span>

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<li id="cite_note-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFGault2019" class="citation news cs1">Gault, Matthew (2 December 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.vice.com/en/article/archivists-are-trying-to-make-sure-a-pirate-bay-of-science-never-goes-down/">"Archivists Are Trying to Make Sure a 'Pirate Bay of Science' Never Goes Down"</a>. <i><a href="Vice_(magazine)" title="Vice (magazine)">Vice</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210613201736/https://www.vice.com/en/article/pa7jxb/archivists-are-trying-to-make-sure-a-pirate-bay-of-science-never-goes-down">Archived</a> from the original on 13 June 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 October</span> 2020</span>.</cite></span>

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<li id="cite_note-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://torrentfreak.com/meet-the-guy-behind-the-libgen-torrent-seeding-movement-191205/">"Meet the Guy Behind the LibGen Torrent Seeding Movement * TorrentFreak"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210513162733/https://torrentfreak.com/meet-the-guy-behind-the-libgen-torrent-seeding-movement-191205/">Archived</a> from the original on 13 May 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 October</span> 2020</span>.</cite></span>

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<li id="cite_note-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-45">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://freeread.org/ipfs.html">"IPFS Free Library"</a>. <i>freeread.org</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210625121013/http://freeread.org/ipfs.html">Archived</a> from the original on 25 June 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 July</span> 2021</span>.</cite></span>

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<li id="cite_note-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-46">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reddit.com/r/DataHoarder/comments/jb1hkn/p2p_free_library_help_build_humanitys_free/">"p2p Free Library: Help build humanity's free library on IPFS with Sci-Hub and Library Genesis"</a>. <i><a href="Reddit" title="Reddit">reddit</a></i>. 14 October 2020. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201019163821/https://www.reddit.com/r/DataHoarder/comments/jb1hkn/p2p_free_library_help_build_humanitys_free/">Archived</a> from the original on 19 October 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 October</span> 2020</span>.</cite></span>

</li>

</ol></div></div>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2></div>

<ul><li><cite id="CITEREFHoule2017" class="citation conference cs1">Houle, Louis (16 August 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://library.ifla.org/id/eprint/1892/1/S12-2017-houle-en.pdf"><i>Sci-Hub and LibGen: what if… why not?</i></a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. IFLA WLIC 2017. Gdańsk, Poland – via <a href="International_Federation_of_Library_Associations_and_Institutions" title="International Federation of Library Associations and Institutions">International Federation of Library Associations and Institutions</a>.</cite></li>

<li><cite id="CITEREFKaraganis2018" class="citation book cs1">Karaganis, Joe, ed. (4 May 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://direct.mit.edu/books/book/3600/Shadow-LibrariesAccess-to-Knowledge-in-Global"><i>Shadow Libraries: Access to Knowledge in Global Higher Education</i></a>. <a href="MIT_Press" title="MIT Press">MIT Press</a>. <a href="Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.7551%2Fmitpress%2F11339.001.0001">10.7551/mitpress/11339.001.0001</a>. <a href="ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <bdi>978-0-262-53501-4</bdi>.</cite><span style="position:relative; top: -2px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="Open_access" title="open access publication – free to read"></a></span></span></li></ul>

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<ul><li><a href="Commons-based_peer_production" title="Commons-based peer production">Commons-based peer production</a></li>

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<li><a href="Freedom_of_information" title="Freedom of information">Freedom of information</a></li>

<li><a href="Gratis_versus_libre" title="Gratis versus libre"><i>Gratis</i> versus <i>libre</i></a></li>

<li><a href="Open_collaboration" title="Open collaboration">Open collaboration</a></li>

<li><a href="Open_source" title="Open source">Open source</a></li>

<li><a href="Openness" title="Openness">Openness</a></li>

<li><a href="Participatory_culture" title="Participatory culture">Participatory culture</a></li>

<li><a href="Sharism" title="Sharism">Sharism</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9em">Research and science</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

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<li><a href="Open_science" title="Open science">Open science</a>

<ul><li><a href="Open_access" title="Open access">Access</a></li>

<li><a href="Open-notebook_science" title="Open-notebook science">Notebook science</a></li>

<li><a href="Open_research" title="Open research">Research</a></li>

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<li><a href="Knowledge_commons" title="Knowledge commons">Knowledge commons</a></li>

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<li><a href="Open_knowledge" title="Open knowledge">Open knowledge</a>

<ul><li><a href="Open_content" class="mw-redirect" title="Open content">Content</a></li>

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<ul><li><a href="Collaborative_writing" title="Collaborative writing">Collaborative writing</a></li>

<li><a href="Democratic_media" title="Democratic media">Democratic media</a></li>

<li><a href="Open_publishing" title="Open publishing">Open publishing</a></li>

<li><a href="Participatory_media" title="Participatory media">Participatory media</a></li>

<li><a href="Peer_review" title="Peer review">Peer review</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Education</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Open_education" title="Open education">Open education</a>

<ul><li><a href="Open_educational_resources" title="Open educational resources">educational resources</a></li>

<li><a href="Open_admissions" title="Open admissions">admissions</a></li>

<li><a href="Open-door_academic_policy" title="Open-door academic policy">open-door policy</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="List_of_open_universities" title="List of open universities">List of open universities</a></li></ul>

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<ul><li><a href="Citizen_media" title="Citizen media">Citizen media</a>

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<ul><li><a href="Free_software" title="Free software">Free/libre software</a></li>

<li><a href="Open-source_software" title="Open-source software">Open-source software</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Open-design_movement" title="Open-design movement">Open-design movement</a>

<ul><li><a href="Open-source_robotics" title="Open-source robotics">Robotics</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Open_gaming" title="Open gaming">Open gaming</a></li>

<li><a href="Open-source_architecture" title="Open-source architecture">Open-source architecture</a></li>

<li><a href="Open-source_hardware" title="Open-source hardware">Open-source hardware</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9em">Economic principles</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Gift_economy" title="Gift economy">Gift economy</a></li>

<li><a href="Open_innovation" title="Open innovation">Open innovation</a></li>

<li><a href="Open_patent" class="mw-redirect" title="Open patent">Open patent</a></li>

<li><a href="Open_standard" title="Open standard">Open standard</a></li>

<li><a href="Sharing_economy" title="Sharing economy">Sharing economy</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9em">Politics and governance</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Open_government" title="Open government">Open government</a></li>

<li><a href="Open-source_governance" title="Open-source governance">Open-source governance</a></li>

<li><a href="Freedom_of_information_laws_by_country" title="Freedom of information laws by country">Freedom of information laws by country</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Organizations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Creative_Commons" title="Creative Commons">Creative Commons</a></li>

<li><a href="Free_Software_Foundation" title="Free Software Foundation">Free Software Foundation</a></li>

<li><a href="Open_Architecture_Network" title="Open Architecture Network">Open Architecture Network</a></li>

<li><a href="Open_Energy_Modelling_Initiative" title="Open Energy Modelling Initiative">Openmod Initiative</a></li>

<li><a href="Open_Knowledge_Foundation" title="Open Knowledge Foundation">Open Knowledge Foundation</a></li>

<li><a href="Open_Rights_Group" title="Open Rights Group">Open Rights Group</a></li>

<li><a href="Open_Source_Initiative" title="Open Source Initiative">Open Source Initiative</a></li>

<li><a href="Open_Web_Foundation" title="Open Web Foundation">Open Web Foundation</a></li>

<li><a href="Pirate_Party" title="Pirate Party">Pirate Party</a></li>

<li><a href="Scholarly_Publishing_and_Academic_Resources_Coalition" title="Scholarly Publishing and Academic Resources Coalition">SPARC</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Activists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Tim_Berners-Lee" title="Tim Berners-Lee">Tim Berners-Lee</a></li>

<li><a href="Alexandra_Elbakyan" title="Alexandra Elbakyan">Alexandra Elbakyan</a></li>

<li><a href="Lawrence_Lessig" title="Lawrence Lessig">Lawrence Lessig</a></li>

<li><a href="Peter_Murray-Rust" title="Peter Murray-Rust">Peter Murray-Rust</a></li>

<li><a href="Douglas_Rushkoff" title="Douglas Rushkoff">Douglas Rushkoff</a></li>

<li><a href="Richard_Stallman" title="Richard Stallman">Richard Stallman</a></li>

<li><a href="Peter_Suber" title="Peter Suber">Peter Suber</a></li>

<li><a href="Peter_Sunde" title="Peter Sunde">Peter Sunde</a></li>

<li><a href="Aaron_Swartz" title="Aaron Swartz">Aaron Swartz</a></li>

<li><a href="John_Wilbanks" title="John Wilbanks">John Wilbanks</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Projects and<br>movements</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Anna's_Archive" title="Anna's Archive">Anna's Archive</a></li>

<li><a href="Do-it-yourself_biology" title="Do-it-yourself biology">DIYbio</a></li>

<li><a href="Free-culture_movement" title="Free-culture movement">Free-culture movement</a></li>

<li><a href="Free_software_movement" title="Free software movement">Free software movement</a></li>

<li><a href="Open_science" title="Open science">Open science movement</a></li>

<li><a href="Open_Source_Ecology" title="Open Source Ecology">Open Source Ecology</a></li>

<li><a href="Open-source_software_movement" title="Open-source software movement">Open-source software movement</a></li>

<li><a href="OpenCores" title="OpenCores">OpenCores</a></li>

<li><a href="OpenWetWare" title="OpenWetWare">OpenWetWare</a></li>

<li><a href="The_Anarchist_Library" title="The Anarchist Library">The Anarchist Library</a></li>

<li><a href="Z-Library" title="Z-Library">Z-Library</a></li></ul>

</div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Tools5" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:10.0em">Tools</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Free_software_license" class="mw-redirect" title="Free software license">Licenses</a>

<ul><li><a href="Creative_Commons_license" title="Creative Commons license">Creative Commons</a></li>

<li>Definition docs

<ul><li><a href="Definition_of_Free_Cultural_Works" title="Definition of Free Cultural Works">Free Cultural Works</a></li>

<li><a href="The_Free_Software_Definition" title="The Free Software Definition">Free Software</a></li>

<li><a href="The_Open_Source_Definition" title="The Open Source Definition">Open Source</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Open_Data_Indices" title="Open Data Indices">Open Data Indices</a></li>

<li><a href="Open_educational_resources" title="Open educational resources">Open educational resources</a></li>

<li><a href="Open_music_model" title="Open music model">Open music model</a></li>

<li><a href="Open_Web" class="mw-redirect" title="Open Web">Open Web movement</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div>

</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>

<div class="navbox-styles"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Intellectual_property_activism89" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Intellectual_property_activism89" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="Intellectual_property" title="Intellectual property">Intellectual property</a> activism</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Issues</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Artificial_scarcity" title="Artificial scarcity">Artificial scarcity</a></li>

<li><a href="Censorship_by_copyright" title="Censorship by copyright">Censorship by copyright</a></li>

<li><a href="Copyright_infringement" title="Copyright infringement">Copyright infringement</a></li>

<li><a href="Copyright_troll" title="Copyright troll">Copyright troll</a></li>

<li><a href="Digital_rights_management" title="Digital rights management">Digital rights management</a></li>

<li><a href="Gripe_site" title="Gripe site">Gripe site</a></li>

<li><a href="Legal_aspects_of_file_sharing" title="Legal aspects of file sharing">Legal aspects of file sharing</a></li>

<li><a href="Mashup_(culture)" title="Mashup (culture)">Mashup</a>

<ul><li><a href="Mashup_(web_application_hybrid)" title="Mashup (web application hybrid)">digital</a></li>

<li><a href="Mashup_(music)" title="Mashup (music)">music</a></li>

<li><a href="Mashup_novel" title="Mashup novel">novel</a></li>

<li><a href="Mashup_(video)" title="Mashup (video)">videos</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Monopolies_of_knowledge" title="Monopolies of knowledge">Monopolies of knowledge</a></li>

<li><a href="Music_piracy" title="Music piracy">Music piracy</a></li>

<li><a href="Orphan_work" title="Orphan work">Orphan works</a></li>

<li><a href="Biopiracy" title="Biopiracy">Biopiracy</a>

<ul><li><a href="Bioprospecting" title="Bioprospecting">Bioprospecting</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Societal_views_on_patents" class="mw-redirect" title="Societal views on patents">Patents</a>

<ul><li><a href="Biological_patent" title="Biological patent">biological</a></li>

<li><a href="Software_patent" title="Software patent">software</a></li>

<li><a href="Software_patent_debate" title="Software patent debate">software patent debate</a></li>

<li><a href="Patent_troll" title="Patent troll">trolling</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Public_domain" title="Public domain">Public domain</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Concepts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="All_rights_reversed" title="All rights reversed">All rights reversed</a></li>

<li><a href="Copyright_alternatives" title="Copyright alternatives">Alternative compensation system</a></li>

<li><a href="Anti-copyright_notice" title="Anti-copyright notice">Anti-copyright notice</a></li>

<li><a href="Business_models_for_open-source_software" title="Business models for open-source software">Business models for open-source software</a></li>

<li><a href="Copyleft" title="Copyleft">Copyleft</a></li>

<li><a href="Commercial_use_of_copyleft_works" title="Commercial use of copyleft works">Commercial use of copyleft works</a></li>

<li><a href="Commons-based_peer_production" title="Commons-based peer production">Commons-based peer production</a></li>

<li><a href="Electronic_sell-through" title="Electronic sell-through">Electronic sell-through</a></li>

<li><a href="Free_content" title="Free content">Free content</a></li>

<li><a href="Free-software_license" title="Free-software license">Free-software license</a></li>

<li><a href="Libertarian_perspectives_on_intellectual_property" title="Libertarian perspectives on intellectual property">Libertarian positions</a></li>

<li><a href="Open_content" class="mw-redirect" title="Open content">Open content</a></li>

<li><a href="Open-design_movement" title="Open-design movement">Open-design movement</a></li>

<li><a href="Open_music_model" title="Open music model">Open music model</a></li>

<li><a href="Patentleft" title="Patentleft">Open patent</a></li>

<li><a href="Open_source" title="Open source">Open source</a>

<ul><li><a href="Open-source_hardware" title="Open-source hardware">hardware</a></li>

<li><a href="Open-source_software" title="Open-source software">software</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Prizes_as_an_alternative_to_patents" class="mw-redirect" title="Prizes as an alternative to patents">Prizes instead of patents</a>

<ul><li><a href="Inducement_prize_contest" title="Inducement prize contest">contests</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Share-alike" title="Share-alike">Share-alike</a></li>

<li><a href="Video_on_demand" title="Video on demand">Video on demand</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Movements</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Access_to_Knowledge_movement" title="Access to Knowledge movement">Access to Knowledge movement</a></li>

<li><a href="Criticism_of_copyright" title="Criticism of copyright">Anti-copyright</a></li>

<li><a href="Cultural_environmentalism" title="Cultural environmentalism">Cultural environmentalism</a></li>

<li><a href="Free-culture_movement" title="Free-culture movement">Free-culture movement</a></li>

<li><a href="Free_software_movement" title="Free software movement">Free software movement</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Organizations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Pro-copyright</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Copyright_Alliance" title="Copyright Alliance">Copyright Alliance</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Pro-copyleft</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Anna's_Archive" title="Anna's Archive">Anna's Archive</a></li>

<li><a href="Creative_Commons" title="Creative Commons">Creative Commons</a></li>

<li><a href="Electronic_Frontier_Foundation" title="Electronic Frontier Foundation">Electronic Frontier Foundation</a></li>

<li><a href="Free_Software_Foundation" title="Free Software Foundation">Free Software Foundation</a></li>

<li><a href="Open_Rights_Group" title="Open Rights Group">Open Rights Group</a></li>

<li><a href="Organization_for_Transformative_Works" title="Organization for Transformative Works">Organization for Transformative Works</a></li>

<li><a href="The_Anarchist_Library" title="The Anarchist Library">The Anarchist Library</a></li>

<li><a href="The_Pirate_Bay" title="The Pirate Bay">The Pirate Bay</a></li>

<li><a href="Piratbyr%C3%A5n" title="Piratbyrån">Piratbyrån</a></li>

<li><a href="Pirate_Party" title="Pirate Party">Pirate Party</a></li>

<li><a href="Public_Knowledge" title="Public Knowledge">Public Knowledge</a></li>

<li><a href="Shadow_library" title="Shadow library">Shadow library</a></li>

<li><a href="Students_for_Free_Culture" title="Students for Free Culture">Students for Free Culture</a></li>

<li><a href="Z-Library" title="Z-Library">Z-Library</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Cory_Doctorow" title="Cory Doctorow">Cory Doctorow</a></li>

<li><a href="Alexandra_Elbakyan" title="Alexandra Elbakyan">Alexandra Elbakyan</a></li>

<li><a href="Rick_Falkvinge" title="Rick Falkvinge">Rick Falkvinge</a></li>

<li><a href="Lawrence_Lessig" title="Lawrence Lessig">Lawrence Lessig</a></li>

<li><a href="Richard_Stallman" title="Richard Stallman">Richard Stallman</a></li>

<li><a href="Peter_Suber" title="Peter Suber">Peter Suber</a></li>

<li><a href="Peter_Sunde" title="Peter Sunde">Peter Sunde</a></li>

<li><a href="Aaron_Swartz" title="Aaron Swartz">Aaron Swartz</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Documentaries</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><i><a href="Steal_This_Film" title="Steal This Film">Steal This Film</a></i></li>

<li><i><a href="RiP!%3A_A_Remix_Manifesto" title="RiP!: A Remix Manifesto">RiP!: A Remix Manifesto</a></i></li>

<li><i><a href="The_Internet's_Own_Boy" title="The Internet's Own Boy">The Internet's Own Boy</a></i></li></ul>

</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>

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